Gukata ni inzira isanzwe mu gukora ibikoresho bya kabutura. Uburyo bwo kugabanya bukubiyemo gukata intoki, gusya, gukata, gukata ifuru, no gukora ifuru idafunze, n'ibindi. Abakora bashobora guhitamo uburyo bukwiye bwo kugabanya hashingiwe ku buziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa n'imiterere yabyo.
Gukata n'intoki
Gukata intoki ni uburyo bwa kera bwo gukata, bukubiyemo gukata no gukata impande za rubber hakoreshejwe imihoro, imikasi, n'ibikoresho byo gukata. Ubwiza n'umuvuduko w'ibicuruzwa bya rubber byaciwe n'intoki bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'umuntu ku wundi. Ni ngombwa ko ingano y'ibicuruzwa nyuma yo gukata igomba kuba yujuje ibisabwa n'ibishushanyo by'ibicuruzwa, kandi ntihagire imigeri, ibiti cyangwa imiterere ihinduka. Mbere yo gukata, ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa neza agace ko gukata n'ibisabwa mu rwego rwa tekiniki, no kumenya uburyo bukwiye bwo gukata no gukoresha neza ibikoresho.
Mu gukora ibice bya kawurute, ibikorwa byinshi byo gukata bikorwa binyuze mu buryo butandukanye bw'imirimo ikorwa n'intoki. Bitewe n'ubushobozi buke bwo gukora ibikorwa byo gukata n'intoki, akenshi biba ngombwa gushishikariza abantu benshi gukata, cyane cyane iyo imirimo yo gukora ihujwe. Ibi ntibigira ingaruka gusa ku kazi ahubwo binabangamira ireme ry'ibicuruzwa.
Gukata Imiterere ya Mekaniki
Gukata ibikoresho hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga ahanini birimo gukubita, gusya hakoreshejwe icyuma gisya, no gukata icyuma gifunganye, ibi bikaba bikwiriye ku bicuruzwa byihariye bifite imiterere mike. Ubu ni uburyo bwo gukata bugezweho.
1) Gukata ibitoki bya mashini bikubiyemo gukoresha imashini ikoresha icyuma gikaranga n'icyuma gikaranga cyangwa agakoresho kugira ngo ukureho impande z'umukara w'igicuruzwa. Ubu buryo bukwiriye ibicuruzwa n'inkombe zabyo za raba zishobora gushyirwa ku isahani yo gukata cyangwa agakoresho, nk'udupira two gupfunyikamo amacupa, amasahani ya raba, nibindi. Ku bicuruzwa bifite umupira mwinshi kandi bikomeye, ubusanzwe uburyo bwo gukata impande bukoreshwa mu kugabanya ubusumbane n'igabanuka ry'ubuso ku ruhande buterwa no gukomera kw'igicuruzwa nyuma yo gukata. Ku bicuruzwa bifite umupira muto kandi bikomeye, uburyo bwo gukoresha ibumba rito bushobora gukoreshwa mu buryo butaziguye. Byongeye kandi, gukata bishobora kugabanywamo gukata bikonje no gukata bishyushye. Gukata bikonje bivuga gukata ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba, bisaba gukata cyane no gukata neza. Gukata bishyushye bivuga gukata ku bushyuhe bwinshi, kandi ni ngombwa kwirinda gukorana n'igicuruzwa igihe kirekire ku bushyuhe bwinshi, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bwiza bw'igicuruzwa.
2) Gukata imashini bibereye mu gukata ibintu binini kandi bikoresha ibikoresho byo gukata. Buri mashini ikata ni imashini yihariye, kandi ibicuruzwa bitandukanye bikoresha ibikoresho bitandukanye byo gukata. Urugero, nyuma y'uko ipine rihinduwe, hari uduce twa kabutura dufite uburebure butandukanye ku myenge yo hejuru n'imiyoboro y'imashini isohora umwuka w'ipine, tugomba gukurwaho hakoreshejwe igikoresho gifite imiyoboro mu gihe ipine rizenguruka.
3) Gusya hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga bikoreshwa ku bicuruzwa bya rubber bifite imyobo y'imbere n'uruziga rw'inyuma, kandi gusya bikunze gukoreshwa. Igikoresho cyo gusya ni uruziga rufite ingano runaka y'uduce, kandi ubushishozi bwo gusya ni buke, bigatuma habaho ubuso butoshye n'uduce duto tw'umucanga dushobora gusigara, ibyo bikaba byagira ingaruka ku ngaruka zo gukoresha.
4) Gukuraho ubushyuhe bw'amazi hakoreshejwe Cryogenic deflashing bikoreshwa ku bikoresho bifite ubuziranenge bwo kugabanya ubushyuhe, nka O-rings, udukombe duto twa rubber, nibindi. Ubu buryo bukubiyemo gukonjesha vuba ibicuruzwa kugeza ku bushyuhe butoshye hakoreshejwe azote y'amazi cyangwa urubura rwumye, hanyuma ugashyiramo vuba uduce tw'icyuma cyangwa pulasitiki kugira ngo umene kandi ukureho flash, bikarangira igikorwa cyo gukata.
5) Gukata ubushyuhe buri hasi: Bisaba gukoresha uburoso bubiri bwa nylon buzenguruka ku murongo utambitse kugira ngo bukureho impande za rubber z'ibicuruzwa bya rubber bikonje.
6) Gukata ingoma mu bushyuhe buke: Ubu ni bwo buryo bwa mbere bwo gukata ingoma mu buryo bwa cryogenic, hakoreshejwe imbaraga ziterwa n'ingoma izenguruka hamwe n'ubushyuhe hagati y'ibicuruzwa kugira ngo bimeneke kandi bikureho urumuri ku bicuruzwa byakonjeshejwe munsi y'ubushyuhe bwa embrittlement. Imiterere y'ingoma akenshi iba ifite impande enye kugira ngo yongere imbaraga ziterwa n'ibicuruzwa biri mu ngoma. Umuvuduko w'ingoma ugomba kuba uri hagati, kandi kongeramo ibintu bishobora kongera imikorere. Urugero, uburyo bwo gukata impande z'icyuma gikoresha ibyuma bya rubber kuri capacitors za electrolytic bukoresha gukata ingoma mu bushyuhe buke.
7) Gukata ibintu mu bushyuhe buke, bizwi kandi nka gukata ibintu mu buryo bw'urumuri: Ibicuruzwa bihinduka mu buryo bw'uruziga mu gasanduku gafunga ibintu, bigatera ingaruka zikomeye hagati y'ibicuruzwa no hagati y'ibicuruzwa n'ibikurura, bigatuma urumuri rwakonje rugwa. Gukata ibintu mu bushyuhe buke ni byiza kuruta gukata ibintu mu bushyuhe buke, aho kwangirika kw'ibicuruzwa biri hasi kandi umusaruro ukarushaho kuba mwiza.
8) Gukata no gutigisa mu bushyuhe buke: Bikwiriye ibintu bito cyangwa bito cyangwa ibikoresho bya silicone bya rubber bikungahaye ku byuma. Bikoreshwa hamwe n'ibikoresho byo gukuraho urumuri mu myobo, mu mfuruka no mu miyoboro y'ibicuruzwa.
Imashini yo gusohora amazi mu buryo bwa Cryogenic
Imashini yihariye yo gukaraba ikuraho uduce duto ikoresheje azote y'amazi kugira ngo impande z'umusaruro zikomere ku bushyuhe buke. Ikoresha uduce twakonje (amacupa) twakonje kugira ngo ikurweho uduce duto vuba. Imashini yo gukaraba uduce duto ifite umusaruro mwinshi, imbaraga nke z'umurimo, ikora neza, kandi ifite urwego rwo hejuru rw'imikorere, bigatuma ikwiriye cyane ibice bya rubber byuzuye. Irakoreshwa cyane kandi yabaye ihame rikuru, rikwiriye gukuraho uduce duto twa rubber, silicone, na zinc-magnesium-aluminium alloy.
Ibumba ritagira ubushyuhe
Gukoresha ibumba ritagira ibirungo mu gukora bituma akazi ko gukata kaba koroshye kandi koroshye (ibumba rishobora gukurwaho byoroshye ukoresheje gukata, bityo ubu bwoko bw'ibumba buzwi kandi nk'ibumba ritacitse). Uburyo bwo gukora ibumba ritagira ibirungo bukuraho burundu inzira yo gukata, bunoza ubwiza n'imikorere y'ibicuruzwa, bugabanya imbaraga z'abakozi, n'ikiguzi cyo gukora. Bufite amahirwe menshi yo guteza imbere ariko ntibukwiriye abakora ibicuruzwa byoroshye kandi bitandukanye.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: Nzeri-05-2024
